keepset

US Patent Citation Network (DAG)

Very large directed acyclic graph (DAG) of US patent citations. Patents can only cite patents filed earlier, creating a strict temporal ordering. Edge direction goes from citing patent to cited patent. One of the largest real-world DAGs available. Useful for evaluating algorithms on massive acyclic graphs and temporal graphs.

npx keepset fetch citation-patent

Nodes
4,894,081
Edges
16,518,948
Size
81.2 MiB

Fetch and preview this dataset on this page, or download the result as JSON. The command line fetches it without a browser.

Overview

Idcitation-patent
Categorygraph/v1
Kindgraph
DomainPatent citation network
Licencenot recorded by the source
Cataloguekeepset 1.33.0

Sources and provenance

#URLStatusRetrievedRead by recipePinned snapshotSHA-256
0https://snap.stanford.edu/data/cit-Patents.txt.gzlive2026-03-26yes20250415223558raw9d05955aa997

Citations

Recipe

Source#0
Archivegzip
Parser format"edge-list"
Parser encoding"utf-8"
Parser delimiter"detect"
Parser skipLines0
Parser commentPrefixes["#","%"]
Parser sourceColumn0
Parser targetColumn1

Crosswalk

keepset/topology to graph/v1, as a crossmap crosswalk.

RuleFromToDirection
movemetametaboth
movenodes[].idnodes[].idboth
moveedges[].sourceedges[].sourceboth
moveedges[].targetedges[].targetboth

Expected counts

Edges16,518,948
Nodes4,894,081

Properties

Components3,627
Connectedno
Cyclicyes
Density0.000002319
Directedyes
Download bytes81.2 MiB
Edge types1
Heterogeneousno
Multigraphno
Node types1
Raw bytes0 B
Self loopsno
Weightedno